External Rotation Stress Test
Other Names
- External rotation stress test
- Dorsiflexion external rotation stress test
- Kleiger's Test
- Syndesmotic external rotation stress test
- Ankle External Rotation Test
- External Rotation Test (Ankle)
- Syndesmotic External Rotation Test
- Deltoid Ligament Stress Test
- Ankle Mortise Stress Test
- Medial Ankle Stress Test
Purpose
- Evaluate the integrity of the Deltoid Ligament in the setting of ankle injuries
- Stresses both superficial and deep fibers of the deltoid ligament
Description
- The patient is seated with knee bent to 90°
- Stabilize the leg with one hand, hold the foot at 90°
- Apply a passive external rotation force to the foot and ankle
- Positive test
- Medial pain
- Talus displacement
Pathology
Evidence
- Sman et al (when compared to MRI)[4]
- Sensitivity: 71%
- Specificity: 63%
- de Cesar et al (when compared to MRI)[5]
- Sensitivity: 20%
- Specificity: 84%
- Grobterlinden Et al[6]
- Sensitivity: 55.6%
- Specificity: 47.5%
- PPV: 38.5%
- NPV: 63.6%
See Also
References
- ↑ Molinari, A., M. Stolley, and A. Amendola. "High ankle sprains (syndesmotic) in athletes: diagnostic challenges and review of the literature." The Iowa orthopaedic journal 29 (2009): 130.
- ↑ Błasiak, Adrian, Bogusław Sadlik, and Roman Brzóska. "Injuries of the distal tibio-fibular syndesmosis." Pol Orthop Traumatol 78 (2013): 139-150.
- ↑ McGovern, Ryan P., and RobRoy L. Martin. "Managing ankle ligament sprains and tears: current opinion." Open access journal of sports medicine (2016): 33-42.
- ↑ Sman, Amy D., et al. "Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for ankle syndesmosis injury." British journal of sports medicine 49.5 (2015): 323-329.
- ↑ de César, Paulo César, Eduardo Muller Avila, and Marcelo Rodrigues de Abreu. "Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging to physical examination for syndesmotic injury after lateral ankle sprain." Foot & ankle international 32.12 (2011): 1110-1114.
- ↑ Großterlinden, Lars Gerhard, et al. "Isolated syndesmotic injuries in acute ankle sprains: diagnostic significance of clinical examination and MRI." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 24.4 (2016): 1180-1186.
Created by:
John Kiel on 4 June 2021 15:18:15
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Last edited:
25 October 2025 13:23:06
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