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Metatarsals
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(Redirected from Metatarsal)
Contents
Description
- General
- Also termed ossa metatarsalia
- Skeletal component of the foot between the tarsus and the foot phalanges
- Numbered 1 to 5 from medial to lateral
- Anatomic description
- Each metatarsal has a base, shaft and head (sometimes termed distal extremity)
- Prismoid shaped, wider at base, taper distally
- 1st metatarsal
- Shortest, greatest thickness, largest basal articular surface
- Two grooved articular facets on plantar surface for sesamoid bones
- Primary component of the critical first metatarsophalangeal joint
- 2nd metatarsal
- Longest of the metatarsal bones
- Slotted between the 3 cuneiform bones proximally
- 3rd/ 4th metatarsal
- Articulate with lateral cuneiform, cuboid
- 5th metatarsal
- Attachments include peroneus tertius, abductor digiti quinti
- Orignation of digiti quinti brevis
- peroneus brevis inserts on the dorsal tuberosity
Actions
- There is a complex joint interaction affected by metatarsal topography, orientation, and kinematics
- 1st metatarsal carries twice the load of each of the lesser metatarsals during the stance phase of gait
- Contribute to extension of the longitudinal arch during stance loading and flexing of forefoot during push-off phase[1]
- Dictate distal arch rotation in relation to foot pronation and supination[2]
Vascular Supply
- Branches of[3]
- The plantar and dorsal metatarsal arteries
- First plantar metatarsal artery
- Nutrient branch vessels
- Watershed area of 5th metatarsal
- About 1.5 cm distal to the tuberosity
- Area with overall poor blood flow
Innervation
Clinical Significance
See Also
References
- ↑ Scott S and Winter D. Biomechanical model of the human foot: kinematics and kinetics during stance phase of walking. J Biomech 1993; 26: 1091–1104.
- ↑ Lundberg A. Kinematics of the ankle and foot. In vivo roentgen stereophotogrammetry. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl 1989; 233: 1–24.
- ↑ Rath B, Notermans HP, Franzen J, et al. The microvascular anatomy of the metatarsal bones: a plastination study. Surg Radiol Anat 2009; 31: 271–277.