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Atlanto Axial Joint

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Description

Illustration of the atlanto axial joint
a The atlanto-occipital and the atlanto-axial joints in the anterior and lateral views respectively. The axis (C2) in bold order denotes the odontoid process. The atlas (C1) is the first cervical vertebra. b The odontoid process of C2 through mouth view projection[1]

Names

  • Atlanto Axial Joint
  • Atlantoaxial joint

Description

  • Complex joint between atlas (c1) and axis (C2)
  • Atlantoaxial joint complex: Synovial joint; biaxial

Actions

  • Primary movement is axial rotation
  • Allows us to turn left and right
  • Limited flexion, extension, lateral flexion

Articular Surfaces

  • Median atlantoaxial joint
    • Dens of axis (C2)
    • Osteoligamentous ring (anterior arch of atlas [C1], transverse ligament of atlas)
  • Lateral atlantoaxial joints
    • Inferior articular surface of lateral mass for atlas
    • Superior articular facet of axis

Ligaments

  • Cruciform ligament (transverse ligament of atlas, superior and inferior longitudinal bands)
  • Tectorial membrane
  • Alar ligaments
  • Apical ligament of dens

Vascular Supply

  • Deep cervical, occipital, vertebral arteries

Innervation

  • Ventral primary ramus of the second cervical spinal nerve

Clinical Significance

  • Needs to be updated

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Drosos, Alexandros A., Eleftherios Pelechas, and Paraskevi V. Voulgari. "Radiological findings of the cervical spine in rheumatoid arthritis: what a rheumatologist should know." Current Rheumatology Reports 22 (2020): 1-10.
Created by:
John Kiel on 26 September 2024 19:22:03
Authors:
Last edited:
2 September 2025 19:41:25
Category:
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