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Backward Traction Test

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Backward Traction Test
The backwards traction test[1]
Backwards Traction Test
  • Backwards Traction Test
  • Internally rotated Backwards Traction Test
  • Externally rotated Backwards Traction Test

Purpose

Description

  • The patient is standing
  • The examiner places one hand on the glenohumeral joint line and grasps the wrist with the other
  • They pull the involved arm into extension and external rotation
  • They then keep the arm in extension and move it into extreme internal rotation
  • Positive test
    • Pain or clicking of the anterior shoulder in either the internal or external rotation position

Pathology

Evidence

Proximal Biceps Tendon Injury

  • Li et al[1]
    • Sensitivity: 74%
    • Specificity: 60%
    • PPV: 72%
    • NPV: 62%

See Also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Li, Danmei, et al. "The backward traction test: a new and effective test for diagnosis of biceps and pulley lesions." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 29.2 (2020): e37-e44.
Created by:
John Kiel on 1 January 2026 23:20:14
Authors:
Last edited:
2 January 2026 14:40:00
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