Fluid Wave Test
Other Names
- Fluid Wave Test
- Fluid Thrill Test
- Fluid Wave Sign
- Ascitic Fluid Wave Test
- Fluid Thrill Sign
Purpose
- Detect moderate to large-volume ascites.
- Assess for free intraperitoneal fluid during the abdominal examination.
- Support the diagnosis of diseases associated with ascites.
- Complement other physical examination maneuvers, such as shifting dullness.
- Help determine whether further evaluation with ultrasound or diagnostic paracentesis is warranted.
Description
- Patient lies supine with the abdomen exposed
- Patient or assistant places the ulnar edge of a hand firmly along the abdominal midline
- The midline hand helps prevent transmission of vibration through the abdominal wall
- Examiner places one hand firmly against one flank
- Examiner sharply taps the opposite flank with the fingertips of the other hand
- Examiner assesses for a transmitted fluid impulse reaching the stationary hand
- Positive test
- A palpable fluid wave suggests the presence of moderate to large-volume free intraperitoneal fluid
Pathology
- Cirrhosis
- Portal hypertension
- Heart failure
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Peritoneal carcinomatosis
- Tuberculous peritonitis
- Pancreatic ascites
- Other causes of moderate to large-volume ascites
Evidence
Ascites
- Cattau et al[1]
- Sensitivity: 50%-80%
- Specificity: 82%-92%
See Also
References
- ↑ Cattau EL et al. The accuracy of the physical examination in the diagnosis of suspected ascites. JAMA. 1982;247:1164-1166.
Created by:
John Kiel on 9 July 2026 01:17:56
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Last edited:
9 July 2026 18:05:13
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