Hallux Sesamoids
(Redirected from Hallux Sesamoid)
Description
Name
- Hallux Sesamoid
- Ossa Sesamoidea Hallucis
- Hallux Sesamoid Complex
- Hallux Sesamoid Bones
- Great Toe Sesamoids
- Sesamoid Bones of the Hallux
- First MTP Sesamoids
- First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Sesamoids
- First Metatarsal Sesamoids
- Tibial and Fibular Sesamoids
- Medial and Lateral Hallux Sesamoids
- Plantar Hallux Sesamoids
- Great Toe Sesamoid Bones
- Hallucal Sesamoids
- Sesamoids of the Great Toe
General
- Sesamoid bones are paired ossicles of the foot below first metatarsophalangeal joint
- Function as a fulcrum to increase leverage of both flexor hallucis brevis, flexor hallucis longus
- One of the accessory bones of the foot and ankle
Gross Anatomy
- Ovoid-shaped ossicles, separated from each other by the intersesamoidal ridge
- There is a medial/tibial and a lateral/fibular
- Embedded within the medial and lateral slips of the flexor hallucis brevis tendon
- Approximately 1.3 cm long by 0.3 cm wide[3]
- Medial sesamoid is larger, slightly more distal and superficial/plantar
Actions
- Strengthen tendon
- Function as a fulcrum to increase leverage of both flexor hallucis brevis, flexor hallucis longus
- Protect the first metatarsal head in dorsiflexion
Articulations
- Articulates with the grooved undersurface of the first metatarsal head
Attachments
- Intersesamoid ligament
- Connects the two hallux sesamoids strongly to form one functional unit
- Forms the floor of the tendinous canal for the tendon of flexor hallucis longus
- Medial and lateral collateral ligaments
- Abductor hallucis tendon: medial aspect of hallux sesamoid complex
- Adductor hallucis tendon: lateral aspect of hallux sesamoid complex
Ossification
- Occurs around 6-7 years of age
Vascular supply
- Derived from 3 sources[4]
- Sesamoid arteries
- Plantar non-articular arteries
- Small vessels medial and lateral capsule
Innervation
- Plantar Digital Nerves
Anatomic Variant
- In some people, only a single sesamoid bone exists
- Rarely, sesamoid bones can be found at the metatarsophalangeal joints of the second, third toes
- Multipartite or bipartite hallux sesamoid can be seen[5]
- Up to 25% of the population have a bipartite sesamoid, with 85% of them being bilateral
Clinical Significance
- Sesamoiditis
- Hallux Sesamoid Fracture
- Turf Toe
- Avascular necrosis
See Also
Internal
External
References
- ↑ Image courtesy of danielboh.com
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nwawka, O. Kenechi, et al. "Sesamoids and accessory ossicles of the foot: anatomical variability and related pathology." Insights into imaging 4 (2013): 581-593.
- ↑ Easley ME. Operative Techniques in Foot and Ankle Surgery. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN:1608319040
- ↑ Pretterklieber, Michael L., and Axel Wanivenhaus. "The arterial supply of the sesamoid bones of the hallux: the course and source of the nutrient arteries as an anatomical basis for surgical approaches to the great toe." Foot & ankle 13.1 (1992): 27-31.
- ↑ Munuera, Pedro V., et al. "Bipartite hallucal sesamoid bones: relationship with hallux valgus and metatarsal index." Skeletal radiology 36 (2007): 1043-1050.