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Forced Shoulder Abduction and Elbow Flexion Test

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Demonstration of the forced shoulder abduction and elbow flexion test[1]
  • Forced Shoulder Abduction and Elbow Flexion Test

Purpose

  • To evaluate the Glenoid Labrum as a cause of the patients shoulder pain

Description

  • The patient is seated, examiner behind the affected shoulder
  • Bring the patients shoulder into maximal abduction
  • Then flex the elbow down behind the head to the opposite shoulder
  • Positive test
    • Pain at the posterosuperior aspect of the shoulder on forced maximal abduction
    • Relieved or diminished by elbow flexion

Pathology

Evidence

SLAP Tear

  • Nakagawa et al[1]
    • Sensitivity: 67%
    • Specificity: 67%
    • Accuracy: 67%
    • PPV: 62%
    • NPV: 71%

See Also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nakagawa, Shigeto, et al. "Forced shoulder abduction and elbow flexion test: a new simple clinical test to detect superior labral injury in the throwing shoulder." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 21.11 (2005): 1290-1295.
Created by:
John Kiel on 4 May 2025 23:00:37
Authors:
Last edited:
12 November 2025 21:51:17
Category:
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