Ischial Spine
Description
-
![Pudendal nerve (PN) relations. a, Ischial spine to PN; b, distance between superior attachments of sacrospinous ligament; c, distance between inferior attachments of sacrospinous ligament[1]](/w/images/thumb/d/d9/Ischial_spine_pudendal_nerve.jpeg/120px-Ischial_spine_pudendal_nerve.jpeg)
Pudendal nerve (PN) relations. a, Ischial spine to PN; b, distance between superior attachments of sacrospinous ligament; c, distance between inferior attachments of sacrospinous ligament[1] -
![Bilateral ischial spine sign[2]](/w/images/thumb/e/e4/Ischial_spine_xray.jpeg/120px-Ischial_spine_xray.jpeg)
Bilateral ischial spine sign[2] -
![Anatomy of the ischial spine[3]](/w/images/thumb/a/aa/Ischial_spine_anatomy.jpeg/120px-Ischial_spine_anatomy.jpeg)
Anatomy of the ischial spine[3] -
![Bony anatomy of the ischium, including the ischial spine[4]](/w/images/thumb/f/f4/Bony_anatomy_of_the_ischium.jpg/120px-Bony_anatomy_of_the_ischium.jpg)
-
![Pudendal nerve (PN) relations. a, Ischial spine to PN; b, distance between superior attachments of sacrospinous ligament; c, distance between inferior attachments of sacrospinous ligament[1]](/File:Ischial_spine_pudendal_nerve.jpeg)
![Bilateral ischial spine sign[2]](/File:Ischial_spine_xray.jpeg)
![Anatomy of the ischial spine[3]](/File:Ischial_spine_anatomy.jpeg)
![Bony anatomy of the ischium, including the ischial spine[4]](/File:Bony_anatomy_of_the_ischium.jpg)
Name
- Ischial Spine
- Spina ischiadica
- Spine of the ischium
- Ischial tuberosity spine
- Ischial projection
- Pelvic spine
General
- Bony prominence which protrudes from the posterior margin of the ischium
- Separates the greater sciatic notch from the lesser sciatic notch
Attachments
Anatomic Relationships
- Internal pudendal vessels and nerve cross over the dorsal aspect before entering the perineum
- Close proximal relationship to Pudendal Nerve
Clinical Significance
General
- Obstetric landmark: Used to assess fetal station during labor; the fetal head at the level of the ischial spines is considered “0 station"
- Pelvic surgery reference: Guides surgeons in procedures involving the pelvis, such as sacrospinous ligament fixation.
- Ligament attachment: Serves as the attachment for the sacrospinous ligament, which helps stabilize the pelvis and prevent prolapse
- Nerve proximity: Close to the pudendal nerve, important in regional anesthesia and managing pudendal neuralgia
- Pelvic fractures: Can be a point of reference in imaging to identify fractures or dislocations of the pelvis
Pathology
See Also
References
- ↑ Van der Walt, Sone. The anatomy of the pudendal nerve and its branches and the clinical implications thereof. Diss. University of Pretoria, 2013.
- ↑ Case courtesy of Cara Lucas, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 201476
- ↑ Image courtesy of kenhub.com
- ↑ Image courtesy of theskeletalsystem.net
- ↑ Image courtesy of https://www.imaios.com/
- ↑ Paci, Andrea, et al. "eBSim: development of a low-cost obstetric simulator." International Conference on Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and Computer Graphics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.