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Glenohumeral Joint

From WikiSM
(Redirected from Shoulder Joint)

Description

Illustration of the glenohumeral joint[1]
Normal AP view of the shoulder
Passive structures involved in the glenohumeral joint stability[2]
The glenohumeral joint without muscles and capsules (a) in coronal view, and (b) in lateral view with the hidden humerus[3]

General

  • Shoulder Joint
  • Glenohumeral Joint

General

  • Defined by the articulation of the head of the Humerus and the glenoid cavity of the Scapula
  • Classified as a synovial "ball and socket" joint
  • Sometimes referred to as a golf ball and a tee

Articulating Surfaces

  • Formed by an articulation between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula.
  • Articulating surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage.
  • Head of the humerus is much larger than the glenoid fossa
  • This gives the joint a wide range of movement at the cost of instability
  • Glenoid Labrum: reduces the disproportion in surfaces with a deepened fibrocartilage rim

Joint Capsule

  • Fibrous sheath which encloses the structures of the joint
  • Extends from the anatomical neck of the humerus to the border or ‘rim’ of the glenoid fossa
  • Capsule is lax, permitting greater mobility (particularly abduction)
  • Synovial membrane lines the inner surface of the joint capsule
  • Produces synovial fluid to reduce friction between the articular surfaces

Static stabilizers

Dynamic Stabilizers

Function

  • Geometry provides functional benefit by allowing for a broad arc of motion
  • However, only 25% of the humeral head is in contact with the glenoid at any point in the arc of motion[4]
  • Compromise is potential instability

Movement

Bursae

Vascular Supply

Nerve

Clinical Significance

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Image courtesy of kenhub.com, "Glenohumeral Joint"
  2. ↑ Mancuso, Matteo. Evaluation and robotic simulation of the glenohumeral joint. No. 10009. EPFL, 2020.
  3. ↑ Hwang, Eunjoo. A finite element model of the superior glenoid labrum. Diss. 2014.
  4. ↑ Campbell WC, Canale ST, Beaty JH. Campbell’s operative orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier; 2008
Created by:
John Kiel on 24 March 2020 13:41:14
Authors:
Last edited:
20 December 2024 16:05:31
Category:
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