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Galeazzi Fracture

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Other Names

  • Galeazzi Fracture-Dislocation
  • Distal radius fracture dislocation

Background

History

  • First described by Cooper in 1822
  • Took eponym of Riccardo Galeazzi in 1934 when he described mechanism, incidence and management

Epidemiology

  • Bimodal incidence (need citation)
  • Young males 10 in 10,000
  • Elderly females 5 in 10,000

Pathophysiology

Mechanism

  • Typically the result of a fall on outstretched hand (FOOSH) with extended wrist, pronated forearm[1]
  • Bracing with an outstretched hand during a motor vehicle collision
  • Low energy trauma in elderly females, e.g. fall from ground level

Risk Factors


Differential Diagnosis


Clinical Features


Evaluation

PA View of Galeazzi fracture

Radiographs

CT

  • Indications
    • Preoperative planning

MRI

  • Indications
    • Evaluate soft tissue injuries

Classification

Lateral View of Galeazzi fracture

OTA classification of radius/ulna

  • 22-A2.3: Simple fracture of radius with dislocation of DRUJ[2]
  • 22-A3.3: Simple fracture of both bones (distal zone radius) with dislocation of DRUJ
  • 22-B2.3: Wedge fracture of radius with dislocation of DRUJ
  • 22-B3.3: Wedge of both bones with dislocation of DRUJ

Management

Acute Management

  • Closed reduction
  • Rest, ice, elevation
  • Immobilization: Sugar Tong Splint
  • Orthopedic consultation

Nonoperative

  • Indications
    • Successful closed reduction
  • Pediatrics
  • Adults
    • Do not do as well with conservative management and considered a surgical problem

Operative

  • Indications
    • Adult Galeazzi fracture
    • Unstable pediatric fracture
  • Technique
    • ORIF radius
    • Stabilization of DRUJ

Return to Play

  • Highly variable and surgeon discretion
  • Requires rehabilitation post operatively
  • Low activity 8-12 weeks, work and sports 12-16 weeks

Complications


See Also


References


  1. Tsismenakis T, Tornetta P. Galeazzi fractures: Is DRUJ instability predicted by current guidelines? Injury. 2016 Jul;47(7):1472-7.
  2. https://www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1029/galeazzi-fractures
Created by:
John Kiel on 4 July 2019 07:11:37
Authors:
Last edited:
1 May 2021 13:46:40
Categories:
Osteology | Wrist | Forearm | Upper Extremity | Fractures | Acute