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Iliopsoas

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(Redirected from Psoas major muscle)

Description

Illustration of the Iliopsoas[1]
Transverse view of sartorius, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, and iliopsoas a short distance below anterior inferior iliac spine, crossing anterior to the femoral head.[2]
Observed attachments of psoas, iliacus, pectineus, adductor brevis and adductor magnus (a, posteromedial view; b, posterior view)[3]

</gallery> Description

  • Iliopsoas musculotendinous unit consists of the psoas major, the psoas minor, and the iliacus
  • Primary hip flexor, also help with external rotation

Origin

  • Iliacus
    • Iliac wing of the ilium
  • Psoas Major
    • Transverse process of the lumbar vertebra
    • Intervertebral discs of T12-L5 [4]
  • Psoas Minor
    • absent in 40% of individuals [4]
    • Body of T12 and L1

Insertion

Actions

  • Flexion of the thigh and trunk
  • Lateral flexion of the lower vertebra
  • Help provide continuity between spine, lower extremities
  • Important function in trunk balance during upright posture and activity
  • Unilateral contraction participations in lateral flexion of the spine

Iliopsoas Bursa

Iliocapsular Muscle

  • Small lateral muscle component of the iliacus
  • Origin: inferior facet of the AIIS and the anteromedial hip joint capsule
  • Insert: up to 1.5 cm distal to the lesser trochanter of the femur

Ilio-infratrochanteric muscle[5]

  • Rare accessory muscle has been described along the iliopsoas tendon distal-lateral margin
  • Origin: region between the anterior superior and inferior iliac spines
  • Insertion: muscle onto the anterior margin of the lesser trochanter

Vascular Supply

  • Common Iliac Artery
    • External iliac artery (most important) [6]

Innervation

  • Psoas major and minor
    • Short collateral branches of L1-L3 [7]
  • Iliacus
    • Femoral nerve of L1-L4
    • Terminal nerve of L1-L4 [7]

Clinical Significance

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Image courtesy of kenhub.com
  2. ↑ Loukas, Marios, et al. Gray's Anatomy Review E-Book: Gray's Anatomy Review E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2021.
  3. ↑ Sedlmayr, Jayc C., et al. "Revision of hip flexor anatomy and function in modern humans, and implications for the evolution of hominin bipedalism." The Anatomical Record 305.5 (2022): 1147-1167.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Van Dyke JA, Holley, HC, Anderson SD. Review of Iliopsoas Anatomy and Pathology. Radiographics. 1987 Jan;7(1):53-84
  5. ↑ Descriptive anatomy of the femoral portion of the iliopsoas muscle. Anatomical basis of anterior snapping of the hip. Tatu L, Parratte B, Vuillier F et al. Surg Radiol Anat 2001:23(6);371-374
  6. ↑ Etz CD, Kari FA, Mueller CS, Silovitz D, Brenner RM, Lin HM, Griepp RB. The collateral network concept: a reassessment of the anatomy of spinal cord perfusion. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2011 Apr;141(4):1020-8
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Cronin CG, Lohan DG, Meehan CP, Delappe E, McLoughlin R, O'Sullivan GJ, McCarthy P. Anatomy, pathology, imaging and intervention of the iliopsoas muscle revisited. Emerg Radiol. 2008 Sep;15(5):295-310.
Created by:
John Kiel on 2 February 2020 18:17:38
Last edited:
30 December 2025 22:58:19
Category:
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