Tibiofemoral Joint

Description

The tibiofemoral joint

Normal PA radiograph of the knee

Name

• Tibiofemoral Joint
• Knee Joint (incorrectly)
• Femorotibial Joint
• Knee Joint (Tibiofemoral Component)
• Tibia-Femur Joint
• Tibial-Femoral Joint
• Main Knee Joint
• Femur-Tibia Articulation

General

• Articulation between the distal femur and proximal tibia
• It is a modified hinge synovial joint and forms the weightbearing component of the knee joint

Articulation

• Modified hinge joint between the distal femur and proximal tibia

Different compartments of the tibiofemoral joint of the knee

The tibiofemoral joint with labeled ligaments including Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Posterior Cruciate Ligament, Lateral Collateral Ligament, Medial Collateral Ligament and Meniscus

Ligaments

• Anterior Cruciate Ligament
• Posterior Cruciate Ligament
• Lateral Collateral Ligament
• Medial Collateral Ligament
• Meniscus (Main) (medial and lateral)
• Transverse Ligament of the Knee
• Arcuate Ligament
• Oblique Popliteal Ligament
• Meniscotibial Ligaments
• Meniscofemoral Ligaments
• Oblique Popliteal Ligament

Range of Motion

• Range of Motion
  • Flexion: 135°
  • Hyperextension: 5-10°
  • Internal/External Rotation: 10°

Screw Home Mechanism

• Locks knee during final 20° of extension
  • Open chain: open rotation, anterior glide of tibia
  • Closed chain: internal rotation, anterior glide of tibia
• Unlocked via Popliteus Muscle

Vascular Supply

• Branches of
  • Femoral Artery
  • Popliteal
  • Circumflex fibular arteries
• Posterior tibial artery
  • Posterior recurrent branches

Innervation

• Femoral Nerve
• Obturator Nerve
• Common Fibular Nerve
• Tibial Nerve
• Saphenous Nerve

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Clinical Significance

• See: Knee Pain Main

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See Also

• Knee Anatomy (Main)
• Physical Exam Knee
• Knee Pain Main

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