Metatarsals
(Redirected from Fifth metatarsal)
Introduction
Other Names
- Metatarsals
- Ossa Metatarsalia
General
- Skeletal component of the foot between the tarsus and the foot phalanges
- Numbered 1 to 5 from medial to lateral
Anatomic Description
- Each metatarsal has a base, shaft and head (sometimes termed distal extremity)
- Prismoid shaped, wider at base, taper distally
1st metatarsal
- Shortest, greatest thickness, largest basal articular surface
- Two grooved articular facets on plantar surface for sesamoid bones
- Primary component of the critical first metatarsophalangeal joint
2nd metatarsal
- Longest of the metatarsal bones
- Slotted between the 3 cuneiform bones proximally
3rd/ 4th metatarsal
- Articulate with lateral cuneiform, cuboid
5th metatarsal
- Attachments include peroneus tertius, abductor digiti minimi
- Orignation of flexor digiti minimi brevis
- peroneus brevis inserts on the dorsal tuberosity
Actions
- There is a complex joint interaction affected by metatarsal topography, orientation, and kinematics
- 1st metatarsal carries twice the load of each of the lesser metatarsals during the stance phase of gait
- Contribute to extension of the longitudinal arch during stance loading and flexing of forefoot during push-off phase[5]
- Dictate distal arch rotation in relation to foot pronation and supination[6]
Vascular Supply
- Branches of[7]
- The plantar and dorsal metatarsal arteries
- First plantar metatarsal artery
- Nutrient branch vessels
- Watershed area of 5th metatarsal
- About 1.5 cm distal to the tuberosity
- Area with overall poor blood flow
Innervation
- Branches of the
Clinical Significance
See Also
References
- ↑ Wong, Wai Chi. "Biomechanics of hallux valgus and evaluation of interventions." (2014).
- ↑ Soltanzadeh, Zeynab, et al. "Effect of socks structures on plantar dynamic pressure distribution." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 230.11 (2016): 1043-1050.
- ↑ Houghton, Kristin M. "Review for the generalist: evaluation of pediatric foot and ankle pain." Pediatric Rheumatology 6.1 (2008): 6.
- ↑ Manjatika, Arthur Tsalani, Pedzisai Mazengenya, and Joshua Gabriel Davimes. "Topographical anatomy and clinical implications of the metatarsal diaphyseal nutrient foramina across South African populations." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 45.10 (2023): 1213-1226.
- ↑ Scott S and Winter D. Biomechanical model of the human foot: kinematics and kinetics during stance phase of walking. J Biomech 1993; 26: 1091–1104.
- ↑ Lundberg A. Kinematics of the ankle and foot. In vivo roentgen stereophotogrammetry. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl 1989; 233: 1–24.
- ↑ Rath B, Notermans HP, Franzen J, et al. The microvascular anatomy of the metatarsal bones: a plastination study. Surg Radiol Anat 2009; 31: 271–277.