Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome

Other Names

• MTSS
• Shin Splints

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Pathophysiology

• Lack of consensus on etiology
• Theory #1: Traction of the muscle on periosteum causes the pain
• Theory #2: Gastrocsoleus complex causes bending of the tibia which causes periosteal reaction

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Differential Diagnosis

• Fractures & Dislocations
  • Tibial Shaft Fracture
  • Fibular Fracture
  • Tibial Stress Fracture
  • Fibular Stress Fracture
  • Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Dislocation
• Muscle and Tendon Injuries
  • Calf Strain
  • Calf Tear
  • Peroneal Tendon Injuries
  • Achilles Tendonitis
  • Achilles Tendon Rupture
  • Syndesmotic Sprain
• Neurological
  • Peroneal Nerve Injury
  • Sural Nerve Injury
  • Saphenous Neuritis
  • Acute Compartment Syndrome
  • Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
• Vascular
  • Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome
  • Ruptured Bakers Cyst
• Other
  • Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
• Pediatric Considerations
  • Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fracture
  • Tibial Tuberosity Apophysitis
  • Toddlers Fracture (Tibial Shaft Fracture)

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