We need you! See something you could improve? Make an edit and help improve WikSM for everyone.
Physical Exam Neck
From WikiSM
Contents
Introduction
- Follows the IP-PASS examination methodology
- Inspection
- Palpation
- Passive Range of Motion
- Active Range of Motion
- Strength & Neurovascular
- Special Tests
Inspection
- Skin
- Color: erythema, ecchymosis, white, black
- Trophic changes (altered hair growth, sweat production)
- Scars
- Swelling
- Muscle tone: atrophy, hypertrophy
- Deformity: asymmetry, rotation, amputation
- Areas of emphasis for neck exam
- Resting position of neck, exaggerated kyphosis or lordosis
- Swelling or masses
- Lymphadenopathy
- Tracheal deviation
Palpation
- Palpate for
- Effusion
- Clicking
- Snapping
- Crepitus
- Tenderness
- Temperature
- Masses
- Areas of Emphasis
- Spinous Process
- Trapezius
- Paracervical Muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Scalenes
- Exeternal Occipital Protuberance
- Mastoid Process
- Cervical lymph nodes
Range of Motion
- Flexion: 45-60° from neutral
- Extension: 45-80° from neutral
- Rotation: 80-85° from neutral
- Lateral Flexion (Sidebending): 45° degree from neutral
Strength and Neurovascular
Strength
- Flexion
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Anterior Scalene
- Longus Colli Cervicis
- Longus Capitus
- Rectus Capitus Anterior
- Extension
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Spinalis Cervicis
- Spinalis Capitus
- Semispinalis Cervicis
- Semispinalis Capitus
- Splenius Cervicis
- Iliocostalis Cervicis
- Longissimus Cervicis
- Rectus Capitus Posterior Major
- Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor
- Obliquus Capitus Superior
- Rotation
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Scalenes
- Spinalis Cervicis
- Spinalis Capitus
- Longissimus Capitis
- Rectus Capitus Posterior Major
- Obliquus Capitus Inferior
- Sidebending or Side Flexion
- Rectus Capitus Lateralis
- Obliquus Capitus Superior
Motor Nerves
- C1-C3
- Lower Cervical Nerve
- Middle Cervical Nerve
- Suboccipital Nerve
Sensory Nerves
- Need image
Dermatomes
- C5: Lateral deltoid
- C6: Lateral elbow, Dorsal thumb
- C7: dorsal, proximal 2nd or 3rd digit
- C8: dorsal, proximal 5th digit
- T1: Medial elbow
Myotomes
- C5: Elbow flexion
- C6: Wrist extension
- C7: Elbow extension
- C8/T1: Pink abduction
Reflexes
- C5/C6: Biceps
- C5/C6: Brachioradialis
- C7/C8: Triceps
Special Tests
- Nonspecific Intracervical Spinal Lesions
- Cervical Headache
- Cervical Radiculopathy
- Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
See Also
Created by:
John Kiel on 5 May 2020 23:52:08
Authors:
Last edited:
2 December 2022 01:56:22
Category: