Back Anatomy (Main)

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Muscles

Lateral

• Sternocleidomastoid
• Anterior Scalene
• Middle Scalene
• Posterior Scalene

Suboccipital Muscles

• Semispinalis Capitis
• Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
• Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
• Obliquus Capitis Superior
• Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Superficial Posterior

• Trapezius
• Latissimus Dorsi
• Levator Scapulae
• Rhomboids
  • Rhomboid Major
  • Rhomboid Minor

Intermediate Posterior

• Serratus Posterior Superior
• Serratus Posterior Inferior

Deep Posterior

• Splenius
  • Splenius Capitis
  • Splenius Cervicis
• Erector Spinae
  • Iliocostalis
  • Longissimus
  • Spinalis
• Semispinalis
• Multifidus
• Rotatores
• Minor Deep Intrinsic Muscles
  • Interspinales
  • Intertranversari
  • Levatores costarum

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Bones

• Skull
  • Occiptal Bone
  • Temporal Bone
• Vertebrae
  • Cervical (7)
  • Thoracic (12)
  • Lumbar (5)
• Sacrum
• Coccyx
• Iliac Crest
• Scapula
• Clavicle
• Ribs

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Joints

• Atlanto-occipital Joint
• Atlanto-Axial Joint
• Sacroiliac Joint
• Zygapophyseal Joints

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Ligaments

• Alar
• Anterior Atlantoaxial
• Posterior Atlantoaxial
• Ligamentum Nuchae
• Anterior Longitudinal
• Posterior Longitudinal
• Ligamentum Flavum
• Supraspinous
• Interspinous
• Intertransverse
• Iliolumbar
• Sacroiliac
• Sacrospinous
• Sacrotuberous

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Nerves

• Needs Update

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Vascular Supply

• Needs Update

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Other Anatomic Structures

Natural Curves

• Cervical Lordosis
  • Normal:
• Thoracic Kyphysosis
  • Normal: 20-40 degrees
• Lumbar Lordosis
  • Normal:

Anatomic Landmarks

• Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
• Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
• Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)

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